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In some ways a digital camera is similar to a traditional
camera. It has a lens and a shutter. However, instead
of the shutter making an exposure on a film it allows
the light to hit an array of image sensors or phot sensitive
cells.
These cells are known as charged couple devices (CCD).
These device turn the image into an electronic file
which is stored on to a memory card instead of a film.
Every receptor in the array of thousands creates one
pixel, and for each pixel a certain amount of information
is stored.
Some digital cameras use CMOS chips as image sensors.
CMOS stands for complementary metal oxide semiconductor.
CMOS sensors are significantly cheaper and easier to
make than CCDs. These are more common in digital video
cameras and cheaper digital cameras
CMOS cameras tend to be smaller, lighter, cheaper and
more energy efficient. However the image quality is
lower.
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